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The key characteristic of progressive discipline is a structured approach that involves a series of escalating interventions that can lead to dismissal. This method allows for an employee to have opportunities for improvement before facing termination. Each step in the process typically increases in severity and consequence, starting from verbal warnings or counseling sessions to formal written warnings, and potentially culminating in suspension or termination if the employee's performance or behavior does not improve.

In contrast, the other options do not capture the essence of progressive discipline. A series of counseling sessions for improvement reflects an aspect of guidance rather than the method's systematic escalation. A single warning before termination lacks the progressive nature of the discipline process, which emphasizes multiple opportunities for correction. Lastly, not providing warnings before disciplinary actions fundamentally contradicts the principles of progressive discipline, as the approach is designed to give employees the chance to understand and correct their behaviors before harsher consequences are implemented.